Background and Aim: Over the past years, field hospitals have been created and developed near the accident site to help provide faster and more favorable medical services and save human lives during war and natural disasters. Since the field hospital must have a lot of medical equipment, manpower, and treatment spaces, it needs a special framework and features. The purpose of this study is to present these CHARACTERISTICS for the construction of a field hospital, and its results can be used as a practical and generalizable framework for the productivity of building an IDEAL field hospital in Iran and other armed forces of the world.Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted by document content analysis and according to the experience of the authors and field observations. First, by reviewing electronic sources, all existing documents and articles related to the CHARACTERISTICS of an IDEAL field hospital were identified. The selection of documents was done purposefully and considering the four criteria of JUPP. After the multi-step screening, 85 documents were selected and analysis was done after coding.Results: The IDEAL features for establishing a field hospital to provide optimal medical services to the wounded and injured due to war or accident were identified and recorded in 40 fields.Conclusion: Modern, up-to-date, and more comprehensive field hospitals can save the lives of the injured and improve the treatment process. These features include: having all the functional standards of a hospital, being self-sufficient and self-reliant, being in a network, having an advanced telemedicine system, being mission-oriented, easy to transport, having multiple uses, having special equipment for surgeries, having a room and a command and control system…, is vital on a high scale.

This article is aimed at providing fundamental concepts and principles of Islamic revolution’s architecture from the viewpoint of experts and theorists of revolution. This research is based on qualitative content analysis. Principles of Islamic revolution’s architecture have been extracted through an analysis of revolutionary slogans, speeches and IDEALs related to architecture. Application of these principles seems necessary for the continuation of Islamic revolution’s path and implementation of its IDEALs. The current article has managed to find CHARACTERISTICS and indexes of Islamic revolution of Iran’s architecture which are as follow: identity, simple beauty, the extent of globalization and orientation toward health. Each characteristic is divided into subcategories providing more details about the relation between revolution’s IDEALs and a desired architecture.

Background & Aims: Students have an important role in training process i n educational technology. On the other hand, teachers act as leaders. This study was conducted to survey the view point of nursing students about CHARACTERISTICS of IDEAL clinical instructor.Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 91 nursing students of Hormozgan nursing faculty. A questionnaire was used to evaluate a clinical instructor considering individual CHARACTERISTICS, method of clinical training management, and method of evaluation. Descriptive and analytic statistics were applied to analyze the data.Results: In individual CHARACTERISTICS of an instructor the majority of students (91.7%) believed that respecting students, ability to communicate with students, having adequate experience, being a good speaker and good appearance were important. In method of clinical training management the majority of students (86.43%) believed that ability to answer to questions of students, improve student s practical skills, helping clinical students to understand texts, and nod discriminating between male and female students. In clinical training evaluation, the majority of student s view point (81.66%) was about fairness in evaluation of students, telling methods of evaluation at the beginning of clinical training.Conclusion: To Survey the CHARACTERISTICS of a clinical instructor helps teachers evaluate their own performance, so they can present better training.

1. Introduction: A large part of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is about the kings of ancient Iran, and its central idea can also be clearly considered political. If we compare Ferdowsi's political philosophy in Shahnameh with that of Iranian thinkers, Farabi will be the best one. Because of his philosophy about Utopia, Farabi is a pioneer. Formulating his theory, he had been influenced by Plato and Aristotle's philosophy, Islamic and Shiite theories, as well as the political thoughts of ancient Iran. However, what Farabi wrote about politics is "political philosophy" and what we found about politics in Shahnameh is "political thought" and as the word "thought" contains philosophy and beliefs, in this paper, the expression "political thought" also includes Farabi's political philosophy as well as Shahnameh's political views. It is because the political discussions talked more about the "king" and what attributes he should have and how he should govern in the ancient texts. . .

Background and Aim: One of the first sciences that attracted and expanded the attention of Muslims was medicine, since medical science deals with the lives and souls of human beings and in most human civilizations, was of dignity and importance. It was considered a sacred profession; it was expected that physicians would combine moral fitness with professional ability. The history of medicine in Iran and Islam testifies that medical ethics has always been the focus of successful, popular and renowned physicians. The purpose of this study is to introduce the true indicators of an IDEALized physician and sample from the perspective of a number of prominent and respected Islamic Iran monks in the early Islamic centuries. Materials and Methods: This article is a descriptive-analytical one and with the help of library resources, a case study of medical books of five Iranian companions of the third to fifth centuries AH, namely: Ibn Raben Tabari, Zakaria Razi, Magusi Ahvazi, Bu Ali Sina and Hakim Jorjani examines the criteria of the sample physician. Ethical Considerations: When referring to the texts, honesty and trustworthiness, reference to the texts used avoidance of bias in deducing the texts or analysis is observed. Findings: The results of this study show that the practice of ethical and professional principles of medicine among Iranian Muslim physicians is considered as the most important attribute and condition for medical practitioners. God, trust, tolerance, preservation of medical secrets, goodwill, hope, patient communication and good behavior, religious conviction and so on have been emphasized and recommended. Conclusion: Doctors, also known as sages, historically emphasize the following principles: Good physician attitudes and their impact on patient care, presence on the sick bed and respect for him, observance of piety and religiosity, avoidance of corruption, etc. As a condition of ethical culture they have insisted on medical science. The results show that the two principles of ethics and conscience, as well as medical specialty, have been a common theme of most Iranian and Muslim monks in the middle ages of Islamic Iran.

Introduction: Medical education is part of higher education system which deals with the lives of humans. Thus, pay attention to its qualitative and quantitative aspects are of great importance. The aim of medical education is train competent and effective persons and the lecturer plays an important role in students' education.Method: This is a descriptive study. Our sample included 60 nursing students who studied in the day or evening courses and were in their fourth term. The data were collected by a questionnaire.Results: The students identified the following CHARACTERISTICS as essential for the lecturers: the ability to manage the class (67.5%), the ability to make the learners understand the subject matter (91.8%), the mastery of the subject matter (81%), respecting the learners (67.5%) and using clear examples to make the subject matter more comprehensible (7.02%).Discussion: The findings can help the lecturers as s feedback to improve the quality of their instruction and facilitate the process of learning.

Improving participation in voluntary activities in Iran is important because increasing productivity among young people, given the country's young population, contributes to community sustainability. Therefore, a better understanding of volunteer motivation in Iranian youth is needed. The Volunteer Functions Inventory (VFI) for assessing volunteer motivations has good psychometric properties and is adapted to several languages, but no validated Iranian translation yet exists. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric CHARACTERISTICS of voluntary functions inventory in members of Iranian Red Crescent Society. Sample size was 595 members of Youth Organization of Iranian Red Crescent Society from 31 provinces and 175 cities of Iran that were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and responded to voluntary functions inventory. Data were collected using a demographic sample and voluntary functions inventory (VFI). Confirmatory factor analysis using principal components method was used for data analysis. The results of the present study showed that the voluntary functions inventory had validity and reliability. Also, the factor structure showed that 29 items and 6 factors well assess people's attitudes to volunteering, and the structure of this inventory was well-fitted and confirmed all goodness of fit models. The present study provides the use of the Iranian translation of the Voluntary Functions Inventory (6 scales and 29 items) to assess volunteer motivation among young Iranian volunteers.

Introduction: This study evaluated the degree of micro leakage of IDEAL Makoo and Tetric Flow composites using two dentin adhesives of Scotch Bond Multipurpose (SBMP) and Excite.Materials &Methods: 60 premolar teeth were divided in to four groups of 15. and class V cavity preparations were done in CEJ. Group 1 was rest orated with SBMP and IDEAL Makoo, Group II with SBMP and Tetric Flow, Group III with Excite and IDEAL Makoo, and Group IV with Excite and Tetric Flow. Stereomicroscope (X40) was used to evaluate and dye penetration in occlusal and gingival margins. Chi Square test, Pearson’s correlation test and Fishers exact test were used for data analysis (α= 0.05).Results: 1- The degree of leakage was not in correspondence to the type of composite.2- The degree of leakage was not in correspondence to the type of dentin adhesive.3- In four groups, the degree of leakage in gingival wall was significantly more than occlusal wall.Conclusion: Type of composite and dentin adhesive have no effect on degree of leakage. The important factor is the type of wall. It means that in class V restorations, gingival wall is always observed to have more micro leakage than occlusal wall.

The goal of the present research was to study the content organization of the textbooks taught in Level One Hawza Illmiya Curriculum and its IDEAL CHARACTERISTICS on the basis of the thematic integration approach. We first reviewed the relevant theoretical ideas and conducted a primary interview with some of professors teaching in seminaries, upon which we composed a list of CHARACTERISTICS of the content organization of the textbooks taught in the seminaries. For data collection, a questionnaire was composed that contains questions about the content organization of the customary vs. IDEAL textbooks taught in seminaries.Next, 115 individuals (about half of the study sample), including the professors and students of Grade six, Level One judged the CHARACTERISTICS. Findings showed that, the most evident CHARACTERISTICS of the content organization of the current textbooks were: Arranging contents with independent topics, the order of titles and contents of the courses introduced by the seminary professors and students in the Planning Center, and the order resulted from the structure of the scientific fields. These are the CHARACTERISTICS of a knowledge-oriented model. Moreover, it was expected that an IDEAL content organization should entail the following CHARACTERISTICS: Organizing studies and discussions according to issues that are related to the real life conditions; various courses (e.g., literature, juridical prinCiples) should be related to each other to and in conformity with each other in order for their maximize efficiency for solving real problems; core contents and subjects need to have priority over the marginal ones; and there has to be the capacity of linking the learners' experiences and learning in the past with the present and future ones.